Atoms and Molecules
| LI 5: We are learning that everything is made out of different combinations of atoms and that different materials have different properties.
Everything is made up of different combinations of these atoms. For example, water molecules are made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. That is why water is also called H2O. What is the difference between a molecule and an atom?
The difference between a molecule and an atom is that atoms are single neutral particles and molecules are neutral particles made up of two or more atoms bonded
Atoms also come in different sizes, depending on how many electrons they have. An oxygen atom is a lot (16 x) larger than a hydrogen atom. Draw a picture (and take a photo) or create an image on google draw of a water molecule H20. It contains 2 hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Example = this is a carbon dioxide atom. Different materials have different properties. For example, they have different melting and boiling points, different mass (weight), density and some are stronger than others. This is caused by their molecular structure.
We need to keep this in mind when designing different products. For example, we make saucepans out of metal because they won’t melt on our stoves. However, if we tried to place a plastic pan on the stove it would melt because it has a lower melting point. We can create strong metal by creating a metal alloy (by combining one type of metal with another metal or element). These alloys can be stronger than the metal on its own. |
Atoms
| LI 4: We are learning to describe Atoms
Read this website and answer the following questions about atoms: What is an atom? An atom is made up of protons and neutrons that electron spins in orbits around the outside of the nucleus What is a proton? A proton is an positively charged particle that is located in the centre of the atom in nucleus What is a neutron? A neutron is a neutral. It doesn’t have a charge What is an electron? An electron is an negatively charged partical that spins around the outside of the nucleus Each element has a different number of protons. This is how we tell them apart. They also have different number of neutrons and electrons, but these can change. Helium has 2 protons so its atomic number is 2, it also has 1 or 2 neutrons and 2 electrons. This is different to Lithium which has 3 protons and an atomic number of 3. It also has 3 electrons and 3 or 4 neutrons. Each element has its own symbol.
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Fast Rust Task
Fast Rust Task
What 3 ingredients are needed for rust to occur.
| Iron | Water | Oxygen from the air |
Write a brief paragraph explaining the rusting process (why rusting occurs)
| The rusting can occur by leaving things out for too long like cars, skateboards and any other things that contain metal or have some sort of metalness on it.
It mostly occurs in cracks of alloys and metal. |
How could you prevent something from rusting?
| You can use Gavanize to help things from not rusting? Or you can use a coating oil, grease or even plastic. |
Write 3 sentences explaining something new you’ve learned from this reading.
| I learnt that the Harbour bridge gets painted with 3 big coats and it helps the Harbour bridge to not rust because it’s in the ocean and what’s in the ocean?…SALT! And salt makes the rusting process faster and will end up making the Harbour bridge weaker and it will eventually crumble and break down. |
Write down any new words you found in Fast Rust or the article about rust. Make sure you learn what the word means and write down a definition you understand for each new word.
| Word | Definition |
| Corrosion | A breakdown of materials due to a chemical action like rusting. |
| Alloy | It means metal mixed with another element to make the metal stronger or more resistant to corrosion. |
| Rate | How quickly something happens (Speed) |
| Compound | A combination of two or more elements bonded together |
| Corrode | It means when something is being eaten away by a chemical action (such as rusting) |
| Element | It just mean the simplest form of substance, which cannot be broken down
By chemicals into anything simpler |
| Silhouettes | Outlines |
| Exposed | It means when something is not covered or not hidden from something or someone |
| Rust | Its an iron oxide |
| Steel | Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon with improved strength and fracture resistance compared to other forms of iron |